tonight on dispatches
今晚，
as a drought hits Britain and a fifth of
英国遭遇干旱，五分之一的
drinking water goes to waste through
饮用水因
leaks oh my god oh that is so rank we
泄漏而被浪费，天哪，这太严重了，我们
investigate why water companies are
调查为什么每次我的孩子们喝水时，自来水公司
still dumping untreated sewage into our
仍然向我们的河流和海洋倾倒未经处理的污水，
rivers and seas
every time my children eggs water I
我
think what are they swimming in and
想 他们在什么里游泳，
reveal how companies are breaking the
揭示了公司如何
law but they're allowed to discharge
违法，但他们被允许
from that are they this is off the books
从中排出，这是不合法的，
you find signs of feces in the water at
你在英国最好的海滩之一的水中发现了粪便的迹象，
one of Britain's best beaches would you
你
be happy going swimming personally no I
愿意亲自去游泳吗？ 不，我
wouldn't
不会，
an Insider tells us why the environment
内部人士告诉我们为什么环境
agency isn't up to the job
机构不能胜任这项工作，
we aren't aggressive we don't enforce to
我们不积极进取，我们不会在
a certain extent against water companies
一定程度上对水务公司强制执行，
so as water company bosses enjoy their
这样水务公司老板就可以享受
bonuses
奖金，
who will pay to fix Britain's broken
他们会花钱修复问题 英国破损的
sewage system a cost is estimated at
污水处理系统，估计
another 65 pounds on your water bill per
每年你的水费单上还要多花 65 英镑，
year
all right
好吧
[Music]
[音乐]
oh look at this the Great British summer
哦，看看这伟大的英国夏天，
and when the weather is this good all I
当天气这么好的时候，我
want to do
想做的就是
is hit the beach and go for a swim and
去海滩，去享受 游泳，
that's exactly what I'm gonna do
这正是我要做的
[Applause]
[掌声]
pollution warnings are in place for
almost 50 beaches as untreated sewage
近50个海滩都发出了污染警告，因为未经处理的污水
has been discharged into Coastal Waters
被排放到沿海水域，
it has been fine for dumping billions of
倾倒数十亿
liters of raw sewage into the sea but
升未经处理的污水已被罚款 排入大海，但这
maybe this isn't such a good idea
也许不是一个好主意，
the 12 companies responsible for
treating Wastewater in the UK dumped raw
sewage into our rivers and seas more
than a thousand times a day on average
last year
去年，英国负责处理废水的 12 家公司平均每天向我们的河流和海洋倾倒一千多次未经处理的污水，这些污水是
that's raw sewage toilet paper used wet
未经处理的卫生纸、用过的湿
wipes sanitary Tails definitely not the
纸巾 卫生尾巴绝对不是
kind of stuff you want to go swimming in
earlier this summer I asked you to send
今年夏天早些时候你想去游泳的那种东西我让你给
me videos of the state of the waterways
我发全国各地水道状况的视频
across the country
oh my God
哦天哪那
what is that
是什么
oh no it's just like a mat of wet wipes
哦不它就像一块湿纸巾垫
that is just like a curtain
就像一幕
of crud
肮脏的东西，
that is just truly disgusting
真的很恶心，
cloudy what that looks like
浑浊，
that looks like feces to me
看起来像什么，在我看来就像粪便，
good God
天哪，
the state of our rivers and seas is so
我们的河流和海洋的状况如此
bad that some water companies are now
糟糕，以至于一些自来水公司现在
under criminal investigation over their
因其污水倾倒行为而受到刑事调查 第
sewage dumping practices
last year five of them were given fines
五年，他们被处以
that totaled over 100 million pounds
总计超过1亿英镑的罚款，
so how have they been allowed to get
那么他们怎么能逍遥法外呢？
away with it for so long
the environment agency has won that the
环境机构已经赢得了如此长时间的胜利，以至于
drought declared in many parts of
England could last into next year water
英格兰许多地区宣布的干旱可能会持续到明年
companies in England and Wales were
英格兰的自来水公司 威尔士
privatized in the 1980s with around 3
在 20 世纪 80 年代实行了私有化，
billion liters of water lost each day
每天损失约 30 亿升水，
water firms are facing criticism for not
doing enough to tackle leaks despite
尽管业绩一直令人
consistently shocking Performance top
震惊，但水务公司仍面临着未能采取足够措施解决泄漏问题的批评，去年高层
bosses were compensated nearly 25
老板们获得了近
million pounds last year
2500 万英镑的补偿
oh Christ Alone
哦，天哪，
just pulled over I could smell oh my God
我刚刚停了下来。 能闻到哦天哪，
and I've only traveled a few miles when
我才走了几英里就发现
I find what seems to be a sewage spill
了似乎是污水泄漏的东西，
so this is a tidal area
所以这是一个潮汐区，
a really precious habitat
一个非常珍贵的栖息地，
absolutely stinks a black vial whatever
绝对散发出黑色小瓶的臭味，不管
it is
它是什么，
you can smell it look at the state of
你都可以闻到它，看看这个州 哦，
that
oh that is unbelievable look at that
这真是令人难以置信，看看
look at the color of it
它的颜色，
Southern water is allowed to discharge
南方的水可以
untreated sewage here in very wet
在非常潮湿的天气里排放未经处理的污水，
weather
but there's been minimal rainfall over
但上周降雨量很少，
the last week so this appears to be
所以这似乎是
illegal I can take a lot of smells
非法的，我可以闻到很多气味
I keep pigs
我养猪，
but that
但是
oh there's something else
哦，
Southern water told us it is working on
南方水务公司告诉我们，它正在努力
reducing Reliance on the Storm release
减少对风暴释放系统的依赖，
system
so where is all this stuff coming from
所以来自污水系统的所有这些东西在哪里，
the sewage system doesn't just take
不仅将
waste away from our homes
废物从我们的家中带走，
it also carries Rainwater
还把雨水
in very wet weather the system can get
带入 非常潮湿的天气，系统可能会
overwhelmed
不堪重负，
and that's where these things come in
这就是风暴溢流时这些东西出现的地方，
storm overflows
there are 15
000 of them across the country from
从
inner cities to our beaches the kind of
内城区到我们的海滩，全国各地有 15 000 个这样的东西，它们的
work like a release valve allowing
作用就像释放阀一样，允许
sewage and rainwater to spill out into
污水和雨水溢出到
our rivers and our seas rather than
我们的河流中 去年，自来水公司一直在超过 270 万小时内频繁地倾倒未经处理的污水，而不是
backing up and flooding our homes
堵塞和淹没我们的家园。
but water companies have been dumping
untreated sewage from them much too
frequently for more than 2.7 million
hours last year
each pipe should have a permit from the
每条管道应该获得
environment regulator but we've
环境监管机构的许可，但我们
discovered some are being used illegally
发现有些管道正在被 非法使用
hi there you must be Theo that's it nice
嗨，你一定是西奥，很高兴
to meet you nice to see you I'm Jim so
见到你，很高兴见到你，我是吉姆，所以
what you've got to show me oh wow look
你要向我展示什么哦，哇，看看
at this River yeah the river Brent
这条河，是的，布伦特河，
beautiful
美丽的
Theo Thomas is part of a group
西奥·托马斯是一个团体
campaigning to clean up London's
竞选活动的成员 为了清理伦敦的
waterways he's found pipes without
水道，他
permits on the river Brent in London
在伦敦的布伦特河上发现了未经许可的管道，这让
it takes me back to being a kid when I
我想起了小时候，当我
grew up at a river just like this and I
在这样的河边长大时，我
loved it kingfisher's caddisfly larvae
很喜欢翠鸟的石蛾幼虫，它们很
made for beautiful I mean this
漂亮，我的意思是，这
looks sort of like a river but when you
看起来有点像 就像一条河，但当你
look at the river bed it appears to be
看河床时，它似乎已经
dead and it stinks what's the problem
死了，而且很臭，问题是什么，
well we think that this is part of it so
我们认为这是它的一部分，所以
that huge great big out there yeah in
那里有一个巨大的大河，是的，那里
there is one of the biggest sewer Mains
有伦敦最大的下水道干线之一
in London so under here there's a pipe
所以这里下面有一根管道，
which could have the sewage from around
a million people in dry weather yeah
在干燥的天气里可能会排放大约一百万人的污水
it's okay it can cope capacity is is bad
enough but when it rains a lot of that
rainfall ends up coming off the streets
and off roofs and going into the sewer
进入
up it flows and if it can't cope it'll
下水道，如果它不能处理，它就会
come flowing out of there so that's a
从那里流出，所以这是
legal outflow they're allowed to
合法的流出，他们被允许
discharge from that are they
从那里排放，这是他们
well that's the gray area it's
unconsented so it doesn't have a permit
未经同意的灰色区域，所以它没有 允许
every combined so overflow should have a
每个组合，所以溢出应该有
permit given by the environment agency
环境机构颁发的许可证，
so it's regulated this is off the books
所以它受到监管，这是不记名的，所以
so we have no idea when it blows and how
我们不知道它什么时候爆发以及有
much comes out so hang on it doesn't
多少流出，所以坚持下去，它没有
have a permit it's unregulated but it's
许可证，它不受监管，但它
in use it looks like it is yeah it we've
在 使用它看起来是的，是的，我们
got a photo of it flowing out oh my God
有一张它流出的照片哦，天哪，
look at that so that isn't just a little
看看那个，这不仅仅是一个小
pipe weeping that is a torrent and in
管道在哭泣，这是一股洪流，
that could be raw sewage can determs or
其中可能是未经处理的污水可以阻止或
to know it's in use then they know it
知道 它正在使用，然后他们知道它的
exists and they're now investigating
存在，他们现在正在调查
them we ask them on the official figures
它们，我们询问他们官方数据，
there are 20 combined so the river Brent
总共有 20 个，所以布伦特河
and its catchment the list we got back
及其流域，我们得到的名单还有
there's another 20 that are unconsented
另外 20 个未经同意，
so there could be double the number of
所以可能是两倍 一些
sewers which might be overflowing
可能溢出
Thames water told us we believe it is
泰晤士河水的下水道告诉我们，即使法律允许，我们认为
unacceptable for untreated sewage to
未经处理的污水进入河流也是不可接受的，
enter Rivers even when legally permitted
we take this matter very seriously and
我们非常重视此事，并
are taking action to reduce discharges
正在采取行动减少排放量。
dispatchers has discovered more than 870
调度员已在泰晤士河上发现了 870 多个
sewage discharge pipes across the
污水排放管。
country without permits
没有许可证的国家
Welsh water has 184 and says they are
威尔士水务有 184 个，并表示
all in use
全部在使用
northumbria water has 61 and again all
诺森比亚水务有 61 个，又全部
are in use
在使用
seven trend has 420 but failed to say
七大趋势 有 420 个，但没有说明有
how many are being used
多少正在使用
it is illegal for water companies to
自来水公司
dump untreated sewage from pipes without
倾倒未经处理的污水是违法的 未经许可从管道中排放污水，
a permit
this is really disturbing in fact
这确实令人不安，事实上
unbelievable you know sewage dumping is
令人难以置信，你知道污水倾倒
supposed to be tightly regulated but
应该受到严格监管，但
it's clear that some water companies are
很明显，一些自来水公司
totally ignoring the rules seven Trent
完全无视这些规定。 7 特伦特·
northumbrian and Welsh water told us
诺森布里亚和威尔士水务公司告诉我们，
they are working proactively with the
他们正在积极与
environment agency to ensure the correct
环境机构合作 为了确保全国各地的
permits are in place for all storm
所有风暴溢流都获得正确的许可，
overflows
around the country 1 500 pipes dump raw
1500个管道将未经处理的
sewage into the sea
污水排入海中，
swimming in sewage can cause diarrhea
在污水中游泳会导致腹泻、
vomiting and serious illness but the
呕吐和严重疾病，但
environment agency carries out tests at
环境机构在
popular beaches around England and says
英格兰各地的热门海滩进行了测试，并表示
70 percent have excellent water quality
70% 水质极佳，
but for me the two just don't tally up
但对我来说，两者不符，
so I'm here to meet someone who's been
所以我来这里是为了见一个人，她一直在研究
looking into how our beaches are
如何正确评估我们的海滩，
assessed
right and I think that is her now
我认为这就是她，现在
look at that out there that is
看看外面的情况，
incredible this is on your doorstep yes
这真是令人难以置信 就在你家门口 是的，
beautiful wow I've got a bit of swim
美丽的哇，我
here Bianca Carr runs an organization
在这里游泳了 比安卡·卡尔经营着一个组织，致力于争取
that campaigns for cleaner beaches
更清洁的海滩
there's really people out there yep
确实有人在那里，是的，
absolutely they're out there all day
他们每天都在那里，
every day this beach is classified one
这个海滩被列为世界上
of the best in the UK yeah the
最好的海滩之一 英国是的，
environment agency they must be testing
环境机构他们必须一直进行测试
all the time to keep that status
以保持这种状态，
so when you think that but this is only
所以当你想到这一点时，但这只
tested about 20 odd times the bathing
测试了大约20次，沐浴
season just 20 times yes that's it it
季节只是20次，是的，就是这样，
needs to be much more frequent we feel
需要更频繁，我们觉得
that it's not really an accurate
这并不能真正准确地
representation of what's going on in the
反映
water
less than two miles away a sewage Works
不到两英里外的水中发生的情况，去年污水处理厂将
dumped untreated sewage into the sea for
未经处理的污水排入海中
more than 750 hours last year
超过 750 小时，
but Bianca says some of the tests that
但比安卡表示，一些
fine pollution can be discarded by the
细小污染的测试可以被
environment agency they are allowed to
环境丢弃 他们被允许
throw away 15 and it could be the worst
扔掉 15 个，这可能是我们听过的最糟糕的
results that we've heard and say no
结果，我们说不，
we're not going to use that one we'll do
我们不会使用那个，我们会再做
another one another time
一个，下次
put the pollution's still there yes
让污染仍然存在，是的，
that's crazy I don't understand how that
这太疯狂了，我不知道 不明白怎么
could be a result as a result if there's
会出现这样的结果，如果发生
been a massive spillage you shouldn't be
了大规模的泄漏，你不
able to just to say well that's one of
应该仅仅说这是
the 15 I can get rid of I would now not
我可以扔掉的 15 个之一，我现在没有
feel confident swimming in there no
信心在那里游泳，不是
every time my children or anyone goes to
每个 当我的孩子或任何人去
talk I think what are they swimming in
谈话时 我想他们在什么里游泳
is it a risk do I stop them
我阻止他们是否有风险
238 beaches have an excellent water
238 个海滩的
quality rating from the environment
环境机构水质评级为优秀，
agency
but at over half of those beaches there
但去年超过一半的海滩发生
were spills of untreated sewage last
了未经处理的污水泄漏
year 3
000 in total
the agency says ratings reflect normal
该机构表示，总共 3 000 项评级反映了正常
conditions and it can discard results
情况，
when the causes of pollution are so
当污染原因非常
abnormal they will only happen once
异常时，它可以丢弃结果，这种情况每四年才会发生一次，
every four years
but here at ride on the Isle of Wight
但在怀特岛骑行，
three test results were discarded last
year alone okay got on my kit
仅去年一年就丢弃了三项测试结果，好吧 穿上我的工具包，
all right just put the waders on
好吧，只需穿上涉水鞋，
the agency gives this beach an excellent
water quality rating
even though there's been 100 sewage
尽管今年这里已经发布了 100 条污水
pollution alerts here already this year
污染警报，但该机构还是给了这个海滩良好的水质评级，
so how clean is the water
所以为了了解水的清洁程度，
to find out we're going to test for
我们将对其进行粪便测试
fecal indicators
that's poo to you and me
对你和我来说是便便的指标
I'll put the lid on while it's under the
我会在它在水下时盖上盖子
we do this every day for a week this is
我们每天都会这样做，持续一周 这将被
going off to the lab so I'm going to get
送往实验室，所以我将得到
the results back
结果
I'll find out what's in here and if I
我会找出是什么 在这里，如果我
should swim or not
是否应该游泳
[音乐]，
coming up we discover what's in the
我们会发现水里有什么，
water would you be happy going swimming
你愿意亲自去游泳吗？
personally no I wouldn't and an Insider
不，我不会，一位内部人士
tells us why the environment agency
告诉我们为什么环境机构
isn't up to the job so you have to trust
不能胜任这项工作，所以你 必须相信
what the water companies tell you yeah
自来水公司告诉你的事情是的，
do companies make huge profits but are
公司确实赚了巨额利润，但
they doing enough to tackle Britain's
他们在解决英国的
sewage pollution problem
污水污染问题方面做得足够吗？
testing what's really in the sea on an
在怀特岛海滩上测试海里的真实情况，
Isle of Wight Beach where the
environment agencies say water quality
环境机构说那里的水质非常
is excellent
好，
the results are now in and show that on
结果是 现在显示，有
one day one indicator of fecal pollution
一天，粪便污染指标
was more than 40 times higher than on
比其他日子高出 40 多倍
the other days
I'm meeting up with a microbiologist to
我正在与一位微生物学家会面，
find out what the results mean I nice to
了解结果意味着什么 我很高兴
meet you
见到你，
right we've taken some samples on the
我们已经采取了一些措施 我在海滩上采集了
beach here across a week and had them
一周的样本并对它们进行了
analyzed I want you to have a look at
分析 我想让你看一下
the data just to see what you think
数据只是为了看看你的想法
so the first one I'll give you this one
所以第一个我会给你这个
here what do they tell you that that
在这里他们告诉你什么，这
only seems quite high that value is 1
看起来只是相当 高 该值是 1
800 commonly forming units are 100 ml
800 通常形成单位是 100 毫升
seems quite High
似乎相当高
indicates it might indicate the presence
表明它可能表明
of recent fecal
最近存在粪便
pollution but these particular
污染，但这些
indicators don't tell us which comes
特定指标并不能告诉我们哪些
from humans and which comes from animals
来自人类，哪些来自动物，
so depending on the surrounding area
因此取决于周围地区
that's affecting these beaches
影响这些海滩，
um you know some of this could be
嗯，你知道，有些可能是
seagull some of this could be dogs and
海鸥，有些可能是狗，
some of it could be human sewage would
有些可能是人类污水，
you be happy going swimming personally I
你愿意亲自去游泳吗？我
no I wouldn't for myself I wouldn't
不，我自己不会，
we've known for over a hundred years
我们不会知道 一百多年来，
that feces and water is really bad for
粪便和水确实对
our health
我们的健康有害，
our tests can't tell us what caused the
我们的测试无法告诉我们是什么导致了
high reading
data from Southern water shows that on
南方水的高读数数据显示，在
the day of the high result untreated
高结果当天，未经处理的
sewage was released at the beach
污水在海滩上非法排放了
illegally for over two and a half hours
超过两年 一个半小时
Southern water told us it is investing
南方水务公司告诉我们，他们正在投入
record amounts to improve customer
创纪录的金额来改善客户
service and protect the environment
服务和保护环境
splashing in the water is such an
在水中嬉戏是
important part of childhood but you know
童年的重要组成部分，但你知道
what knowing what I know now I'm not shy
我现在所知道的，我并不害羞
that my kids swim here and I bet the
我的孩子们游泳 我敢打赌，
folks who have no idea that untreated
那些不知道这里排放未经处理的污水的人们
sewage is being released here
on average over the last 10 years
在过去 10 年里平均
private water companies have invested
five to six billion pounds a year in
每年在基础设施方面投入了 5 到 60 亿英镑，
infrastructure
but they've also paid out 1.7 billion a
但他们每年还支付了 17 亿英镑。
year in dividends to shareholders
给股东分红
so have they invested enough
所以他们投资了足够的
hi there you must be Bill hi good
嗨，你一定是比尔，你好，
morning Jim how are you good to see you
早上好，吉姆，你好吗，看到你
well yeah good to see you right so is
很好，是的，很高兴看到你，对吧，这样可以吗，
this all right this is our ride can I go
这是我们的旅程，我可以到
in the back please do and we'll paddle
后面去吗？ 我们将划船
up to the uh the outfall
到呃排水口
Bill Kingdom spent 20 years as a water
比尔金德在世界银行担任了20年的水
expert with the world bank now retired
专家，现已退休
he's been looking into sewage treatment
他一直在研究
plants run by Thames water
由泰晤士河水运行的污水处理厂
he's taken me to a pint that comes from
他带我去了一品脱来自其中
one of them
一个的
right
so where are we then
对所以 那么我们在哪里，
so here we are at the kessington sewage
我们在凯辛顿污水
treatment works outpours the pipe is
处理厂，管道在
underwater so we're pushing a camera
水下，所以我们把摄像机推
down to see it there we go I love a
下来看它，我们去那里，我喜欢一部
Mucky film there we go
脏兮兮的电影，我们去那里，
so we can see the pipe there now and
所以我们现在可以看到那里的管道， 很
it's there's obviously a quantity of
明显有大量
material flowing out of the pipe lots of
物质从管道中流出，有
little brown chunks there's some white
很多棕色的小块，有一些白色的东西，
there's a lot of fish swimming around
有很多鱼在
the entrance as well feeding yep
入口处游动，也在进食，是的，
there's definitely stuff coming towards
肯定有东西朝摄像机走来，
the camera
an industry Insider has told us that
一位业内人士告诉我们，经过
properly treated sewage should not look
适当处理的污水 不应该是
like this
这样的，
and Bill thinks he's uncovered a
比尔认为他已经发现了
fundamental problem with this treatment
这个处理
works and others in the area
厂和该地区其他处理厂的一个根本问题，
so what we found in in castington is
所以我们在卡斯顿发现，
that the treatment plant only has 74 of
处理厂的
the capacity needed for the population
容量只有 2020 年人口所需的 74，
that existed in 2020 but if you drive
但如果 当你
around the Oxfordshire area you will see
在牛津郡地区开车时，你会看到
huge tracts of land being developed for
大片土地正在开发用于
housing that's only going to increase
住房，这只会增加
the load on the treatment plant which
hasn't been expanded I mean they should
尚未扩建的处理厂的负荷我的意思是，只有在有足够容量的情况下，他们
only allow that to proceed if or when
才应该允许继续进行
there is sufficient capacity both in the
在
pipes and in the treatment plant to take
管道和处理厂中承受
that load
该负荷
thameswater told us the site has not
泰晤士水权利权利告诉我们，
discharged untreated sewage since March
自 2021 年 3 月以来，该地点没有排放未经处理的污水，
2021
and the material entering the River from
the outfall pipe filmed was within its
拍摄到的从排水管进入河流的物质在其
permit limits
许可范围内，
we accept it's unsightly and are working
我们承认它难看 并正在努力
towards improving the situation
改善这种情况，
so our sewage treatment works big enough
以便我们的污水处理厂足够大，足以
to keep up with demand dispatchers can
跟上需求
reveal that four out of five large
sewage treatment works that dump
untreated sewage last year did so
because they are too small to cope
I've come to see a scientist who's been
看看一位一直在
studying why treatment works use
研究为什么处理工程使用
combined sewer overflows or csos we
合流下水道溢流或 CSO 的科学家，我们
looked at all the data on the decisions
查看了有关溢出决策的所有数据，
that were spilling but also we connected
而且我们还将
them to the treatment works right you
它们与处理工程联系起来，您可以
see their capacity in terms of how much
看到它们的容量，即
load they can treat the main finding was
它们可以承受多少负载 主要调查结果是，
that for the plants that spilled in 2021
对于 2021 年发生泄漏的工厂来说，其中
79 of them were actually spilling
79 个实际上发生了泄漏，
because of their lack of capacity in
因为它们的系统容量不足，
their systems those csos were designed
这些 CSO 被设计
to be used only in extreme weather
为仅在极端天气条件下使用，
conditions so now we have csos used even
所以现在我们甚至
in some cases when it doesn't rain or
在某些情况下也使用了 CSO 当不下雨或
when there is no extreme rainfall right
没有极端降雨时，
so the the treatment works don't really
处理厂实际上没有
have the capacity to deal with what's
能力处理即将
coming in so they use those csos to deal
到来的情况，因此他们使用这些民间社会组织来处理
with this overload so why haven't they
这种超负荷情况，那么为什么他们没有
got the capacity because of increases in
得到 由于
in populations we are using now more
人口增加，我们现在使用的
water than we did when the plants were
水量比建厂时还要多，
built
it's a situation will get worse with
every year if we don't invest in in
如果我们不投资
upgrading the the infrastructure this
升级基础设施，情况每年都会变得更糟，这既
requires both political pressure and it
需要政治压力，也
requires financing
需要 融资
neck pains a really worrying picture of
瓶颈令人担忧，
a sewage system that just can't cope
污水系统无法应对，
this is the sort of thing that organized
这是有组织的
countries can deal with so why is it
国家可以处理的事情，为什么
that we've got ourselves in such a
我们会陷入如此
pickle
困境，
why can't we deal with our waste rather
为什么我们不能处理
than pour it into the waterways that we
swim in
environmental and financial Watchdogs
police the UK's water companies
last year two of them launched a major
去年，环境和金融监管机构对英国的自来水公司进行了监管，其中两家公司对英格兰的自来水公司倾倒污水展开了一项重大
investigation into sewage dumping by
调查，
water companies in England
but are The Regulators partly
但监管机构
responsible for allowing the problem to
对这一问题的解决负有部分责任。 情况
get so bad
变得如此糟糕，
you need effective Regulators the
你需要有效的监管机构，
funding for Environmental Protection
within the environment agency has been
slashed by 80 since 2010. now if you
自 2010 年以来，环境机构内的环境保护资金已削减了 80%。现在，如果你
make those kind of cuts
进行此类削减，
that's going to affect the performance
这将影响绩效
and that's going to have Downstream
，这将产生下游
impacts or what are the economic
影响或经济影响
regulator their priorities historically
监管机构从历史上看，他们的首要任务一直是
very much been making sure that water
确保水费负担
bills stay affordable making sure that
得起，确保
the water companies are managing their
水务公司
finances in a way that enables them to
以一种能够使他们能够正确履行
discharge their statutory duties
法定职责的方式管理其财务，
properly if they were discharging their
如果他们
responsibilities properly then we
正确履行职责，那么我们
wouldn't be seeing all of these sewage
就不会看到 所有这些污水
fields so would you say that off what in
场，所以你会说
the environment agency of have not been
环境机构没有
up to the job they haven't had the
胜任工作，他们没有
capacity to do what they need to do so
能力做他们需要做的事情，所以
government sets the budgets of those
政府制定了这些
Regulators it also sets the policy
监管机构的预算，它也制定了 政策
priorities
优先事项
so whether or not this is important so
所以这是否重要那么
what is the solution to this and how
解决方案是什么以及
much is it all going to cost
infrastructure maintenance and upgrade
基础设施维护和升级的成本是多少
that's obviously a big thing the cost of
这显然是一件大事
that is estimated by government at
政府估计其成本在
您的水费单上另外增加 65 英镑
year but at the moment internally
每年，但目前
government are saying any policy that is
政府内部表示，任何将
going to get taken forward must not add
要采取的政策都不得增加
to the cost of living crisis so if if
生活成本危机，因此，如果
the government
政府
don't do this if they just kick this
不这样做，如果他们只是把这个
problem down the road and we don't deal
问题搁置一旁，我们就不会这样做 不
with it what's the consequence
解决这个问题，后果是什么，
we're going to keep having
我们将继续让
um rivers and seas
河流和海洋
receiving a whole load of sewage
接收大量污水，
it's the environment agency's job to
这是环境机构的工作，负责
police water companies in England
监管英格兰的自来水公司，
its annual budget for enforcement fell
其年度执法预算
from 11.6 million pounds to 7 million
从 1160 万英镑下降到 700 万
pounds between 2010 and last year
英镑 从 2010 年到去年，
Heather Nightingale has just retired
希瑟·南丁格尔 (Heather Nightingale) 在
after working for the agency for over 30
该机构工作了 30 多年后刚刚退休，
years
this is her first ever interview
这是她第一次接受采访。
we used to go out all the time and look
我们过去常常出去调查
into police Houston baton and trying to
休斯敦警察警棍，并试图
stop them if you were making a
阻止他们，如果你想
difference you were protecting the
有所作为的话 你们在保护
environment yeah we were we were the
环境 是的，我们
environmental police then and it was
当时是环境警察，这
great so how's it all changed over the
很棒，那么过去 30 年里这一切发生了怎样的变化？
past 30 years I think the tonding's been
我认为
cut massively here are environment
环境办公室已经大幅削减了，我们可以
offices to go out and do the work we are
出去做我们应该做的工作
only supposed to attend the very serious
参加非常严重
or quite serious incidents the lower
或相当严重的事件，
impact incidents and then obviously told
影响较低的事件，然后显然被告知不要
not to attend those but what happens if
参加这些事件，但如果
those are occurring
这些事件
quite often then you get a chronic
经常发生会发生什么，那么你会对
impact on the the river
河流产生长期影响，
that it will eventually start to
最终会开始
deteriorate and we won't know why
恶化，我们赢了 不知道为什么，
because we won't come any record because
因为我们不会有任何记录，因为
nobody's been to have a look so tell me
没有人去过，所以告诉我
about the relationship between the
environment agency and the water
环境机构和自来水
companies how's that changed over the
公司之间的关系这些年来发生了怎样的变化，
years we aren't as
我们不那么
aggressive we don't enforce to the
积极，我们不强制执行 在
certain extent so now water companies
某种程度上，现在自来水公司
investigate their own incidents and tell
调查了他们自己的事件，并告诉
us what category it is they take their
我们他们
own samples at sewage works so you have
在污水厂采集了自己的样本，所以你
to trust what the water companies tell
必须相信自来水公司告诉
you yeah so if that example and they
你的事情是哪一类，所以如果这个例子和他们
told us it was fine then we have to
告诉我们就很好 那么我们必须
trust that
相信，
after talking to Helen I can see how
在与海伦交谈后，我可以看到
this problem has got so bad there's
这个问题是如何变得如此严重的，
sewage dumping is meant to be tightly
污水倾倒应该受到严格
controlled but the environment agency
控制，但环境机构
doesn't have the funding doesn't have
没有资金，没有
the staff or the right approach to hold
人员，也没有正确的方法来解决这个问题。 追究
these companies to account and it seems
这些公司的责任，
that they are using the companies to
他们似乎正在利用这些公司来自
police themselves which clearly isn't
我监管，这显然行不通
working
last year a court heard how Southern
去年，法院听取了南方
water had for years covered up illegal
水务公司多年来如何掩盖非法
sewage spills by very significant Under
污水泄漏的情况，并以非常重大的
reporting
报告不实而
it was fined a record 90 million pounds
被罚款 为获取自身经济利益而
for deliberately dumping billions of
故意将数十亿
liters of raw sewage into protected Seas
升未经处理的污水倾倒到受保护的海洋中，从而获得创纪录的9000万英镑
for its own financial gain
the environment agency told us water
环境机构告诉我们，自来水
companies have rightly been condemned
公司
for allowing far too many sewage spills
因允许过多的污水泄漏而受到正确的谴责，
and we are holding the industry to
我们正在追究该行业的责任
account on an unprecedented scale
we operate within a tight budget and
我们在预算紧张的情况下运营规模空前，
must prioritize to ensure we are doing
必须优先确保我们
the best we can
尽力而为，
we ask off what the environment agency
我们要求环境机构
and the environment Minister George
和环境部长乔治·
Eustis to take part in this film
尤斯蒂斯参加这部影片，
they all declined
他们都拒绝了，
all three are being investigated by the
所有三人都正在接受
government's office for Environmental
政府的调查 环境保护办公室
Protection over their roles in Britain's
在英国污水处理丑闻中所扮演的角色
sewage Scandal
of what told us we take our
告诉我们，我们非常认真地对待我们
responsibilities on the environment
对环境的责任，
extremely seriously and are pushing
并敦促
companies to do the same
公司也这样做，
where we find that companies have fallen
如果我们发现公司没有做到这一点，我们
short we will act over the last five
将在过去
years we have imposed penalties and
五年中采取行动 政府对自来水公司处以
payments of over 250 million pounds
超过2.5亿英镑的罚款和付款，
the government said Water Company's
表示自来水公司的
Reliance and overflows is unacceptable
依赖和溢出是不可接受的，
and they must significantly reduce how
他们必须
much sewage they discharge as a priority
作为优先事项大幅减少污水排放量，
under new plans they will face strict
根据新计划，他们将面临严格的
limits and must completely eliminate the
限制，并且必须彻底消除
harm sewage discharges caused to the
污水排放对环境造成的危害。 环境
environment
fixing our Victorian sewage system is
修复我们的维多利亚污水系统
going to take an awful lot of money and
将花费大量资金，
with the economic crisis looming I can't
随着经济危机的迫近，我不
see that happening anytime soon but
认为这种情况会很快发生，但
until it does going for a swim
在它发生之前去游泳
is going to feel like a real Gamble
感觉就像一场真正的赌博
foreign
外国